Author
Nutrition
Making weight safely for combat sports: what the evidence shows
Rapid weight cuts are near-universal in boxing, MMA, wrestling and judo. Here is what research says about the costs and the safer alternatives.
Articles by Tobias Lange
Recovery
Massage guns: what the evidence actually shows
Percussion therapy devices appear to improve short-term flexibility and reduce perceived soreness in small trials, but the research remains early and mostly brief.
Tobias Lange
Supplements
Pre-workout label accuracy: what independent testing has found
Analytical studies of pre-workout supplements repeatedly find caffeine and stimulant contents that diverge from the label — in both directions.
Tobias Lange
Nutrition
Protein targets: how many grams per kilogram do athletes need?
The evidence behind protein intake ranges for strength, endurance, and team-sport athletes, and where the dose-response curve flattens.
Tobias Lange
Recovery
Does sleeping more actually improve athletic performance?
Sleep extension studies in athletes show measurable gains in sprint speed, accuracy and reaction time, but the evidence base is small and mostly short-term.
Tobias Lange
Supplements
What does third-party certification of supplements actually verify?
NSF Certified for Sport and Informed Sport check what the label says is in the bottle — and what is not — but they do not certify that a supplement works.
Tobias Lange